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Design Patterns in Ruby, by Russ Olsen

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Praise for Design Patterns in Ruby

" Design Patterns in Ruby documents smart ways to resolve many problems that Ruby developers commonly encounter. Russ Olsen has done a great job of selecting classic patterns and augmenting these with newer patterns that have special relevance for Ruby. He clearly explains each idea, making a wealth of experience available to Ruby developers for their own daily work."

—Steve Metsker, Managing Consultant with Dominion Digital, Inc.

"This book provides a great demonstration of the key 'Gang of Four' design patterns without resorting to overly technical explanations. Written in a precise, yet almost informal style, this book covers enough ground that even those without prior exposure to design patterns will soon feel confident applying them using Ruby. Olsen has done a great job to make a book about a classically 'dry' subject into such an engaging and even occasionally humorous read."

—Peter Cooper

"This book renewed my interest in understanding patterns after a decade of good intentions. Russ picked the most useful patterns for Ruby and introduced them in a straightforward and logical manner, going beyond the GoF's patterns. This book has improved my use of Ruby, and encouraged me to blow off the dust covering the GoF book."

—Mike Stok

" Design Patterns in Ruby is a great way for programmers from statically typed objectoriented languages to learn how design patterns appear in a more dynamic, flexible language like Ruby."

—Rob Sanheim, Ruby Ninja, Relevance

Most design pattern books are based on C++ and Java. But Ruby is different—and the language's unique qualities make design patterns easier to implement and use. In this book, Russ Olsen demonstrates how to combine Ruby's power and elegance with patterns, and write more sophisticated, effective software with far fewer lines of code.

After reviewing the history, concepts, and goals of design patterns, Olsen offers a quick tour of the Ruby language—enough to allow any experienced software developer to immediately utilize patterns with Ruby. The book especially calls attention to Ruby features that simplify the use of patterns, including dynamic typing, code closures, and "mixins" for easier code reuse.

Fourteen of the classic "Gang of Four" patterns are considered from the Ruby point of view, explaining what problems each pattern solves, discussing whether traditional implementations make sense in the Ruby environment, and introducing Ruby-specific improvements. You'll discover opportunities to implement patterns in just one or two lines of code, instead of the endlessly repeated boilerplate that conventional languages often require.

Design Patterns in Ruby also identifies innovative new patterns that have emerged from the Ruby community. These include ways to create custom objects with metaprogramming, as well as the ambitious Rails-based "Convention Over Configuration" pattern, designed to help integrate entire applications and frameworks.

Engaging, practical, and accessible, Design Patterns in Ruby will help you build better software while making your Ruby programming experience more rewarding.

• Sales Rank: #453444 in Books
• Published on: 2007-12-20
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Dimensions: 7.10" h x 1.00" w x 9.40" l, 1.79 pounds
• Binding: Hardcover
• 384 pages

From the Back Cover

Praise for "Design Patterns in Ruby"

""Design Patterns in Ruby" documents smart ways to resolve many problems that Ruby developers commonly encounter. Russ Olsen has done a great job of selecting classic patterns and augmenting these with newer patterns that have special relevance for Ruby. He clearly explains each idea, making a wealth of experience available to Ruby developers for their own daily work."

-Steve Metsker, Managing Consultant with Dominion Digital, Inc.

"This book provides a great demonstration of the key 'Gang of Four' design patterns without resorting to overly technical explanations. Written in a precise, yet almost informal style, this book covers enough ground that even those without prior exposure to design patterns will soon feel confident applying them using Ruby. Olsen has done a great job to make a book about a classically 'dry' subject into such an engaging and even occasionally humorous read."

-Peter Cooper

"This book renewed my interest in understanding patterns after a decade of good intentions. Russ picked the most useful patterns for Ruby and introduced them in a straightforward and logical manner, going beyond the GoF's patterns. This book has improved my use of Ruby, and encouraged me to blow off the dust covering the GoF book."

-Mike Stok

""Design Patterns in Ruby" is a great way for programmers from statically typed objectoriented languages to learn how design patterns appear in a more dynamic, flexible language like Ruby."

-Rob Sanheim, Ruby Ninja, Relevance

Most design pattern books are based on C++ and Java. But Ruby is different-and the language's unique qualities make design patterns easier to implement and use. In this book, Russ Olsen demonstrates how to combine Ruby's power and elegance with patterns, and write more sophisticated, effective software with far fewer lines of code.

After reviewing the history, concepts, and goals of design patterns, Olsen offers a quick tour of the Ruby language-enough to allow any experienced software developer to immediately utilize patterns with Ruby. The book especially calls attention to Ruby features that simplify the use of patterns, including dynamic typing, code closures, and "mixins" for easier code reuse.

Fourteen of the classic "Gang of Four" patterns are considered from the Ruby point of view, explaining what problems each pattern solves, discussing whether traditional implementations make sense in the Ruby environment, and introducing Ruby-specific improvements. You'll discover opportunities to implement patterns in just one or two lines of code, instead of the endlessly repeated boilerplate that conventional languages often require.

"Design Patterns in Ruby" also identifies innovative new patterns that have emerged from the Ruby community. These include ways to create custom objects with metaprogramming, as well as the ambitious Rails-based "Convention Over Configuration" pattern, designed to help integrate entire applications and frameworks.

Engaging, practical, and accessible, "Design Patterns in Ruby" will help you build better software while making your Ruby programming experience more rewarding.

About the Author

Russ Olsen has been building software for more than twenty-five years. He has led projects through several generations of programming technologies, from FORTRAN to C to C++ to Java, and now Ruby. He has been using and teaching Ruby since 2002. Olsen writes the popular technology blog Technology As If People Mattered (http://www.russolsen.com).

Excerpt. � Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.

A former colleague of mine used to say that thick books about design patterns were evidence of an inadequate programming language. What he meant was that, since design patterns are the common idioms of code, a good programming language should make them very easy to implement. An ideal language would so thoroughly integrate the patterns that they would almost disappear from sight.

To take an extreme example, in the late 80's I worked on a project that produced object oriented code in C. Yes, C, not C++. We pulled this off by having each "object" (actually a C structure) point off to a table of function pointers. We operated on our "objects" by chasing the pointer to the table and calling functions out of the table, thereby simulating a method call on an object. It was awkward and messy, but it worked. Had we thought of it, we might have called this technique the "object oriented" pattern. Of course with the advent of C++ and then Java, our object oriented pattern disappeared, absorbed so thoroughly into the language that it vanished from sight. Today, we don't usually think of object orientation as a pattern—it is too easy.

But many things are still not easy enough. The justly famous Gang of Four book, (Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software by Gamma, Helm, Johnson, and Vlissides) is required reading for every software engineer today. But actually implementing many of the patterns described in Design Patterns with the languages in widespread use today, Java and C++ and perhaps C#, looks and feels a lot like my 1980s vintage handcrafted object system. Too painful. Too verbose. Too prone to bugs.

The Ruby programming language takes us a step closer to my old friend's ideal, a language that makes implementing patterns easy, so easy that sometimes they fade into the background. Building patterns in Ruby is easier for a number of reasons:

• Ruby is dynamically typed. By dispensing with static typing, Ruby dramatically reduces the code overhead of building most programs, including those that implement patterns.

• Ruby has code closures. Ruby allows us to pass around chunks of code and associated scope without having to laboriously construct entire classes and objects that do nothing else.

• Ruby classes are real objects. Since a class in Ruby is just another object, we can do any of the usual runtime things to a Ruby class that we can do to any object. At runtime we can create totally new classes. We can also modify existing classes by adding or deleting methods. We can even clone a class and change the copy, leaving the original alone.

• Ruby has an elegant system of code reuse. In addition to garden variety inheritance, Ruby provides also allows us to define mixins, which are a simple but flexible way to write code that can be shared among several classes.

All of this makes code in Ruby compressible: In Ruby, like Java and C++, you can implement very sophisticated ideas, but with Ruby it is possible to hide the details of your implementations much more effectively. As you will see on the pages that follow, many of the design patterns that require many lines of endlessly repeated boiler plate code in traditional static languages require only one or two lines in Ruby. You can make a class into a singleton with a simple include Singleton. You can delegate as easily as you can inherit. Since Ruby enables you to say more interesting things in each line of code, you end up with less code.

This is not just a question of keyboard laziness, it is an application of the DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) principal. I don't think anyone today would mourn the passing of my old object oriented pattern in C—it worked for me, but it made me work for it, too. In the same way, the traditional implementations of many design patterns work, but they make you work too. Ruby is a real step forward to be able to do that work only once and compress it out of the bulk of our code. In short, Ruby allows us to concentrate on the real problems that we are trying to solve instead of the plumbing. I hope that this book will help you see how.

Who Is This Book For?

Simply put, this book is for developers who want to know how to build significant software in Ruby. I assume that you are familiar with object oriented programming, but you don't really need any knowledge of design patterns —you can pick that up as you go through the book.

You also don't need a lot of Ruby knowledge to read this book profitably: you can find a quick introduction to the language in Chapter 2 and I do try to explain any Ruby specific language issues as we go.

How Is This Book Organized?

This book is divided into three parts. First there are a couple of introductory chapters, starting with the briefest outline of the history and background of the whole Design Patterns movement and ending with a quick tour of the Ruby language, at the "just enough to be dangerous" level.

The second section, which takes up the bulk of these pages, looks at a number of the original Gang of Four patterns from a Ruby point of view. What problem is this pattern trying to solve? What does the traditional implementation of the pattern, the implementation given by the Gang of Four look like in Ruby? Does the traditional implementation make sense in Ruby? Does Ruby provide us with any alternatives that will make solving the problem easier?

The final section of this book looks at a three patterns that have emerged from the Ruby.

A Word of Warning

I cannot sign my name to a book about design patterns without repeating the mantra that I have been muttering for many years now: design patterns are little spring loaded solutions to common programming problems. Ideally, when the appropriate kind of problem comes along, you should trigger the design pattern and the problem is solved. It is that first part, the bit about waiting for the appropriate problem to come along, that some engineers have trouble with. You cannot say that you are correctly applying a design pattern unless you are confronting the problem that the pattern is supposed to solve.

The reckless use of every design pattern on the menu to solve nonexistent problems has given design patterns a bad name in some circles. I would contend that Ruby makes it easier to write an adapter that uses a factory method to get a proxy to the builder which creates the command which coordinates the operation of adding two plus two. Ruby will make that easier, but even in Ruby it will not make any sense.

Nor can you look at program construction as a simple process of piecing together some existing design patterns in new combinations. Any interesting program is going to have unique sections, bits of code that fit that specific problem perfectly and no other. Design patterns are meant to help you recognize and solve the common problems that arise over and over when you are building software. The advantage of design patterns is that they let you rapidly get past the problems that someone has already solved, so that you can get on to the hard stuff, the code that is unique to your situation. Design patterns are not the universal elixir, the magic potion that will fix all of your design problems. They are simply one technique, albeit a very useful technique, that you can use to build programs.

Most helpful customer reviews

48 of 48 people found the following review helpful.
One of the best Ruby books ever
By Ricardo Dapaz
Warning: This book is not a reference!!!
Well, it could be but it probably won't need to be as each concept is explained so well that you will remember when to apply this pattern or that pattern for every situation. The author is engaging and funny making this quite a book turner for a technical book. I almost read half the book on the 2 hour commuter flight between Perth and Karatha. Every chapter starts with a little anectode about the author's past life events and how these are related to the use of a particular pattern. The examples are well thought out and the author also discusses Ruby specific implementation details as well as providing valuable insights into how each pattern is used in the existing Ruby codebase.

I come from a Python/C/C++/Java background and have been tinkering around with ruby for a while but without really "getting it" and understanding what the fuss was about. The same could be said about design patterns. After reading this book I have finally grokked, not only Ruby but the value and power of design patterns. I can now say that I truly understand exactly why there is such a hype about Ruby. The whole method_missing thing, singleton support, ability to clone classes, etc. This language really represents the future of programming - today - and this book delivers on its intent.

This is simply one of the best technical books that I have read in a long time and I thoroughly recommend it, especially for an intermediate Ruby programmer and even those who know OO concepts and principles but may be new to Ruby.

24 of 24 people found the following review helpful.
Valuable Resource
By David L. Richards
I just finished this book, cover to cover. I rarely read books like this all the way through. I scan them and keep them around in case they help me out of a jam. But this book is different. It is formative in the sense that the original Gang of Four (GoF) book on patterns was formative: it asks us to think about our problems in fresh ways.

One important part of this book, however, stresses the use and overuse of these patterns. Olsen emphasizes that this isn't a competition to use all the patterns. Whoever has the most patterns doesn't necessarily win. Whoever uses code gracefully and simply does. It reminds me of the talk by Marcel Molina Jr. at RubyConf 07, speaking about what makes code beautiful. It's the proportion, integrity, and clarity that makes beautiful code. I.e., we keep the code as simple as we can, keep it focused on the problem at hand, and we do it clearly. This book warns against misuse or abuse of patterns as much as it teaches the patterns themselves.

Another thing that I found very useful about this book is it suggests simpler ways for my existing code. This tells me that, though I was happy with the function of what I could do once, the form can improve that it doesn't fall apart in the face of future iterations.

Finally, I enjoy how each chapter evolves. We start with a rigorous interpretation of the GoF patterns, then Olsen introduces simpler ways to implement the ideas that take into account Ruby's available economies. So, we write simpler code, understand the tradoffs of the various alternative implementation methods, and understand the patterns themselves more concretely.

Other than the occasional loose editing that come up from time to time, I really wouldn't change what was written. I would have enjoyed more chapters on other patterns, even some that are outside the scope of the GoF book. But that's just a reflection of my respect for Olsen's love of the material and skill in teaching it.

If you're picking up Ruby to write Rails code, maybe start with the Agile Development book. If you've finished your first personal Rails project, or you have other uses of Ruby in mind, I'd suggest this as the next book you pick up. After this book, I'd next suggest The Ruby Way by Hal Fulton. That's probably the fastest way to pick up Ruby in a professional context.

9 of 9 people found the following review helpful.
Design Patterns make sense with this book in Ruby
By Craig Maloney
I never really understood the need for Design Patterns. After reading several blogs, and listening to other programmers, I thought that Design Patterns might even somehow be harmful to my programming education. I felt that just by learning what they were, I'd somehow pollute my thinking to the point where I wouldn't be able to program without seeing a pattern in there somewhere. When I heard of the book Design Patterns in Ruby, I flinched. What good could possibly come from introducing Design Patterns into Ruby, I asked myself? Fortunately, my initial prejudices were unfounded. Design Patterns in Ruby is not some secret plot to turn all of the Ruby programmers into mindless drones; it is a very thorough introduction to Ruby, Design Patterns, and Object Oriented Programming concepts. Design Patterns in Ruby helped me to finally look critically at Design Patterns, and see them as something not to be feared, but as something that could be useful, even in my Ruby programming.

Design Patterns in Ruby is written with the idea that while the reader might be a good programmer, they may have somehow missed what Design Patterns are, or the reader might not know much about Ruby. The first two chapters rectify this by introducing the reader to what exactly these Design Patterns are. The author explains precisely which of the 14 of the original 23 "Gang of Four" patterns are covered in the book, and reasons why the 14 patterns were chosen. Chapter 2 is a quick introduction to Ruby, just to ensure everyone is on the same page. The author, in a single chapter, clearly explained concepts that other books I have read couldn't clearly convey, even after several chapters. Any doubts that I had of the author's abilities in explaining Design Patterns in a way that I would understand were completely gone by these chapters.

The actual Design Patterns in Design Patterns in Ruby have a similar format throughout the rest of the book. First, a small anecdote begins the chapter, explaining either a real-life situation where the patterns would be handy, or tying the pattern to one of the other patterns in the book. The meat of the chapter describes how one would implement the pattern, usually starting with a direct port from another language like C++ or Java, and gradually working it into something more Ruby-like by the end of the section. After the pattern is worked into a more Ruby-like format, the author then describes how to really abuse the pattern. Lastly, the author points out where this pattern is used in the Ruby, Rails, or other Ruby code, followed by a quick summary. This format works quite well, especially for programmers just starting in both Ruby and Design Patterns, while advanced programmers will learn better and more effective ways for implementing (or abusing) the patterns. Providing where the pattern is used in the code is also an excellent learning tool for the reader, and gives a baseline for the reader on where to look for more examples. The format also makes the book engaging. I found myself wanting to read the book, which is an experience I can't say I shared with the original Gang of Four Design Patterns book.

In addition to 14 of the Gang of Four patterns, the author talks about three Ruby-specific patterns. The first is the Domain Specific Language (DSL) pattern. Rather than defaulting to discussing Active Record (arguably the most famous DSL in Ruby), the author actually creates a DSL called "PackRat" which is a language for managing backups. The second pattern is Metaprogramming, which is ubiquitous in Ruby. The last pattern in the book is Configuration Over Configuration, the mantra of Rails. Each of these patterns compliments the other patterns in the book, and add to the original patterns discussed earlier in the book.
Design Patterns in Ruby is an exceptional book. It distills the best of the "Gang of Four" patterns that are of significance to Ruby Programmers, while adding several patterns that show up throughout Ruby and Ruby on Rails code. The author's style and the book's format make for an easy and informative reading experience. I can heartily recommend this book for all Ruby developers, both beginners and experts, and can especially recommend this book for those like myself who didn't think the original Design Patterns was anything to give attention. Design Patterns in Ruby has earned a permanent place on my shelf.

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[X617.Ebook] Ebook Download The Mystery of the Olmecs, by David Hatcher Childress

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Lost Cities author Childress takes us deep into Mexico and Central America in search of the mysterious Olmecs, North America’s early, advanced civilization. The Olmecs, now sometimes called Proto-Mayans, were not acknowledged to have existed as a civilization until an international archeological meeting in Mexico City in 1942. Now, the Olmecs are slowly being recognized as the Mother Culture of Mesoamerica, having invented writing, the ball game and the “Mayan" Calendar. But who were the Olmecs? Where did they come from? What happened to them? How sophisticated was their culture? How far back in time did it go? Why are many Olmec statues and figurines seemingly of foreign peoples such as Africans, Europeans and Chinese? Is there a link with Atlantis? In this heavily illustrated book, join Childress in search of the lost cities of the Olmecs! Chapters include: The Mystery of the Origin of the Olmecs; The Mystery of the Olmec Destruction; The Mystery of Quizuo; The Mystery of Transoceanic Trade; The Mystery of Cranial Deformation; The Mystery of Olmec Writing; more. Heavily illustrated, includes a color photo section.

• Sales Rank: #341095 in eBooks
• Published on: 2013-09-11
• Released on: 2013-09-11
• Format: Kindle eBook

Most helpful customer reviews

14 of 15 people found the following review helpful.
Well Illustrated Work
By ZANZIBAR
Childress' "Mystery of the Olmecs" is a good quick read. It explores many theories regarding Olmec history. He mentions the Olmecs custom of flattening their heads. Childress also makes note of drilling a whole in ones head to become more psychically powerful. David Childress thinks the remnants of elongating heads through headwraps may be found in turban wear.

The Olmecs as well as many other cultures, consider elongated heads more handsome and represented higher intellect. Having been called a "bean head" growing up I wonder if there is any truth to this.

Childress makes some pretty interesting connections between the Olmec and Shang Dynasties. I don't buy into the theory of an army of Chinese eunchs representing the Olmec in any way. And I believe the hallucinogenic mushroom angle a bit far fetched.

Childress definitely supports the diffusionist theory vs the isolationist, and so do I. He makes comparisons of the writing script of the Shang & Olmec Dynasty and brings out many similarities. This book is one of the most well illustrated with many Olmecs images in Guatemala never seen before. I enjoy Hatcher Childress' Lost cities series and place this book right along side them.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Five Stars
By Walter Lopez
Good read

8 of 9 people found the following review helpful.
Childress does it again
By Skyman
I've been reading his books & articles for quite some time and no one seems to convey as much information as he does. This is the most & up to date info on the Olmecs you'll find anywhere. The Olmecs pose more questions than answers and so they are ignored my the mainstream. When that happens it is we, the public who are deprived of any details about them. As most people don't even know the name let alone the mystery of these people. But I was surprised he didn't include a passage from Alan Alford's book "Gods of the New Millennium". A chapter in that book may provide clues & answers to who the Olmecs were & where they may have come from.

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• Sales Rank: #7614046 in Books
• Published on: 1983-03
• Ingredients: Example Ingredients
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Binding: Paperback
• 230 pages

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0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Good information but poor edition
By josemfc
Good information but poor edition.

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[Z368.Ebook] Ebook Acid Test: LSD, Ecstasy, and the Power to Heal, by Tom Shroder

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A fascinating, transformative look at the therapeutic powers of psychedelic drugs, particularly in the treatment of PTSD, and the past fifty years of scientific, political, and legal controversy they have ignited, by award-winning journalist Tom Shroder.

It’s no secret that psychedelic drugs have the ability to cast light on the miraculous reality hidden within our psyche. Following the discovery of LSD less than a hundred years ago, psychedelics began to play a crucial role in the quest to understand the link between mind and matter. Compounds such as LSD and MDMA have proved to be extraordinarily effective in treating disorders such as posttraumatic stress–yet the drugs remain illegal, out of reach of the millions of people who could benefit from them.

Tom Shroder’s Acid Test is a meticulously researched history of LSD and the controversy surrounding psychedelics, as well as a striking look at the unprecedented healing properties of drugs that have for decades been characterized as dangerous, illicit substances. Shroder covers the first heady years of experimentation in the 50s and 60s through the backlash of the 70s and 80s, when the drug subculture exploded and uncontrolled experimentation with street psychedelics led to a PR nightmare that would set therapeutic use back decades. Acid Test is a fascinating, transformative look at the therapeutic powers of psychedelic drugs, particularly in the treatment of PTSD, and the past fifty years of scientific, political, and legal controversy they have ignited.

• Sales Rank: #7462229 in Books
• Published on: 2014-09-09
• Released on: 2014-09-09
• Formats: Audiobook, CD, Unabridged
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 12
• Dimensions: 6.50" h x 1.00" w x 7.13" l, .80 pounds
• Running time: 15 Hours
• Binding: Audio CD

Review
“Shroder filters the psychedelic world [and] presents a compelling case for supporting responsible, rigorous research of psychedelic compounds….Empty your mind of any preconceptions about psychedelic drugs and enjoy a fascinating trip through the politics, science, history, and promise of these controversial chemical compounds.”
—Booklist, STARRED REVIEW

“A well-respected journalist offers evidence, both empirical and anecdotal, about the therapeutic benefits of psychedelic drugs….this clear-eyed account [explores] both the complex history of the issue and the current thinking on the use of LSD, Ecstasy and other psychotropic substances for healing troubled minds….Occasionally, the stories are amusing…often, they’re moving…a perceptive criticism of the failings of America’s war on drugs, and Shroder delivers an important historical perspective on a highly controversial issue in modern medicine.”—Kirkus
�
“[Acid Test] explores the therapeutic possibilities of LSD and Ecstasy (MDMA), and, more broadly, the potential of the human mind….Guided by Shroder’s easy narrative tone, readers follow an activist, a marine, and a physician-turned-psychiatrist who developed a philosophy of psychedelic therapy through self-experimentation….Shroder both informs readers about the drugs’ shadowy pasts and provides insight into the future of mental health.”—Publishers Weekly

“This is not about the 60's. This book reveals the ongoing struggle to create valuable lasting therapies for PTSD in all its forms. Funny, hopeful, and sad by turns, these stories make me believe that someday soon, MDMA will be accepted as valuable, even desirable, to counteract the despair of so many returning veterans and other souls whose lives are turned upside down by PTSD.� If ever interventions are needed, it is now. Acid Test presents an alternative to anguish and anxiety, showing a route of return to balance by use of compassionate therapies along with an outlaw drug. Millions of Americans suffer from the terrors of war or crime , and perhaps soon, we can say help is on the way.”
—Carolyn Garcia, also known as Mountain Girl, a former Merry prankster and wife of Jerry Garcia
�
“Over the last thirty years women have gone from the kitchen to the boardroom, people of color from the woodshed to the White House, gay men and women from the closet to the altar, and all of us have embraced a new vision of life itself on this fragile blue planet. Yet when we recall the factors that unleashed these dramatic transformations there is one ingredient in the recipe of social change that is always expunged from the record: the fact that millions of us lay prostrate before the gates of awe having ingested LSD or some other psychedelic. Tom Shroder’s Acid Test is an inspiring and profoundly hopeful book.”
—Wade Davis, author of The Serpent and the Rainbow

“Tom Shroder has written a book that is at once captivating and utterly surprising, with mind-blowing revelations of a lost history. The scourge of war and trauma and the mysteries of human consciousness fills virtually every one of the gripping chapters. With its impressive research, masterful storytelling and ultimately, the possibility of hope and healing, Acid Test is destined to be an important book.”
—Brigid Schulte, author of Overwhelmed
�
“Acid Test is a trip of a different kind. Tom Shroder makes the hunt for relief from modern wars' biggest killers—depression and post-traumatic stress disorder—come alive in bright, unforgettable colors, characters and emotions.”
—Dana Priest, Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative reporter and author of Top Secret America

“Acid Test is a breath of fresh air after half a century of general hysteria, misinformation, confusion and questionable decisions of scientific, political, and legal authorities concerning psychedelic substances. Tom Shroder's fascinating, well-researched, and clearly written�account of psychedelic history, from the discovery of LSD to the current worldwide renaissance of�interest in these remarkable substances and revival of research in this area, is a tour de force. Most important—socially, economically, and politically—is the book’s focus on the psychedelic newcomer MDMA (Ecstasy). The pilot studies of this substance suggest that it might play an important role in helping to solve the formidable problem of PTSD that kills more American soldiers than the weapons of enemies.”
—Stanislav Grof, M.D., author of LSD Psychotherapy, The Ultimate Journey, and Psychology of the Future
�
“I read Acid Test with wonder and excitement. Wonder at seeing a controversial topic through Tom Shroder's fresh and lucid eyes. And excitement at the promise of healing that he reveals.”
—David Von Drehle, author of Rise to Greatness: Abraham Lincoln and America's Most Perilous Year
�
“Tom Shroder weaves together three compelling stories with such mastery that Acid Test reads like a first-rate novel. The book is that much more intriguing and consequential though because the stories are true and the subject matter—the healing of post-traumatic stress—of great currency and importance.�We need to know how to treat the trauma that afflicts most of the world or we’re in deep trouble.”
—Richard Rockefeller, former chairman of U.S. Advisory Board of Doctors Without Borders
�
“If you think LSD is a relic of the Sixties, or good for nothing except getting high, you need to read this riveting and important book. It’s the fascinating story of how LSD and MDMA can, with controlled use, bring near-miraculous benefits to people suffering from mental trauma. Tom Shroder is a fine journalist and a terrific writer; in Acid Test, he’s written a book that should start a long-overdue national conversation, and someday may help to end a lot of unnecessary suffering.”
—Dave Barry
�
“A captivating narrative with irresistible characters. It will leave you wondering whether we have the moral right to oppose this breakthrough therapy.”
—Gene Weingarten, two-time Pulitzer Prize winning author of The Fiddler in the Subway
�
“Acid Test is a superb book. The people Tom Shroder introduces us to are across-the-board fascinating, the reporting he's done is deep and persuasive, and the writing is dazzling. Best of all, though, is what any open-minded reader will feel after finishing Acid Test: In a world of hurt, here is a new version of hope.”
—David Finkel, Pulitzer Prize-winning author of The Good Soldiers and Thank You for Your Service

“Acid Test is a trip of a different kind. Tom Shroder makes the hunt for relief from modern wars' biggest killers—depression and post-traumatic stress disorder—come alive in bright, unforgettable colors, characters and emotions.”
—Dana Priest, Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative reporter and author of Top Secret America

“Acid Test�represents such a critical contribution to our societal awareness, one that I am honored to wholeheartedly support. Faced with the challenge to alleviate the suffering of today's combat veterans, we must open ourselves to considering new modalities, revisiting therapeutic agents criminalized by fear and ideology, and harnessing the power of healing rituals and ancient wisdom. Tom Shroder offers a timely and compelling story of stories, illustrating the struggles and opportunities for hope and healing. Put politics and preconceptions aside; open your mind; read this book; follow the data; and speak truth to power so that scientific rigor and emerging knowledge can lead the way. We owe our fellow humans no less.”
—Loree Sutton, psychiatrist, retired US Army Brigadier General and founding director of the Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury

About the Author
Tom Shroder is an award-winning journalist, editor, and author of Old Souls, a classic study of the intersection between mysticism and science. As editor of The Washington Post Magazine, he conceived and edited two Pulitzer Prize–winning feature stories. His most recent editing project, Overwhelmed by Brigid Schulte, was a New York Times bestseller.

Excerpt. � Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
Foreword

In 1975 I was a twenty-one-year-old college journalist, home on spring break in Sarasota, Florida, when I noticed a blurb in the local news- paper about a charismatic hippie with a pet wolf who was building himself a spectacular house in the woods near town. I decided to go out and see it for myself. I don’t remember anything about the blurb. I doubt it mentioned anything about the inf luence of psychedelic drugs in this project. But I am guessing that I inferred it, because while I didn’t much care about techniques of home building—nor would my college-student readers—I was extremely interested in the implications of the psychedelic experience.

I’m looking at a taped-together, Xeroxed copy of the story that resulted from that visit. Still no mention of drugs, but there it is between the lines. I wrote about the philosophy of the young builder, a guy named Rick Doblin, just a year older than me. It was about try- ing to live authentically, guided by an inner light rather than society’s preconceived ideas; consciously working to discover and create his own destiny rather than trudging along the rutted tracks set before him.

These were the kinds of notions floating around a certain subculture in those days; it was evident in the woodland home itself, with its giant, rainbow-themed, spiritually suggestive stained-glass window. Maybe we discussed psychedelics, maybe we didn't. But they were in the air.

I myself was not entirely unfamiliar. Under the influence of the psilocybin mushrooms my friends and I had learned to pluck from cow dung in the rural fields not far from campus, then boil into tea and drink, I had seen the world-and myself-from a novel vantage point.

It was like being able, for a few precious hours, to climb above your life

and view it from on high, a perspective every bit as revealing as seeing a too-familiar landscape from the top of a mountain. Instead of indi� vidual cornstalks or oak trees or buildings, you saw checkerboard pat� terns of fields, serpentine forests following the course of a river, villages arrayed around ascending spires of churches. You saw, for once, how it all fit together.

One experience stands out in my memory, because it is something that I have carried with me, every day since, for four decades. As the drug took effect, instead of feeling the usual lift, I grew increasingly entangled by anxiety. I began to obsess about an ethical problem I was struggling with, which generalized to feelings of inadequacy in life overall and my inability to find solutions.

The more I struggled against these feelings, the weightier and more intractable they seemed. And then s uddenly I had a vision: I saw myself with my arms wrapped around a boulder. I could feel its weight, almost unbearable to hold, and yet I was clinging to it. I knew that the heavy stone consisted of all my doubt s and anxieties, and as I desperately clutched it to my chest, I saw in a flash that part of me chose to be anxious-as a way to avoid making choices and evade responsibility for them. To be free of that awful weight, all I had to do was open my arms, which I did. The stone simply dropped away.

Ever since, although it has rarely been easy, I've been able to see negative emotions, on a profound level, as a choice, and the will to let them go as something I could develop, like a muscle. The more I prac�ticed, the better I got, and I no longer needed the mushrooms to do it.

There wasn't a moment I decided to stop doing psychedelic drugs. When I left the college environment they became less available, and I gained more responsibilities-a job, a family, a professional reputation� all of which made any illegal activity, and the potential health risks, unacceptable. But I never lost my interest in those psychedelic experi� ences, or forgot their profundity, and the lasting good they did me.

Ten years after graduation, I had become an editor at the Miami Herald Sunday magazine, Tropic, when I noticed a story in the Tampa newspaper about a perennial college student who was promoting the party drug Ecstasy as a breakthrough in psychotherapy. I did a double take: it was Rick Doblin, the hippie with the house in the woods, the same guy I had written about a decade earlier. I assigned a Herald fea� ture writer to do a cover story on him. We headlined it: ''A Timothy Leary for the '80s."

Twenty years passed. Now I was editor of The Washington Post Magazine, and once again an article that spoke to my lingering interest in the possible positive effects of psychedelics caught my eye. This time it was in the New York Times, about Harvard initiating a study testing the use of MDMA- Ecstasy- to treat anxiety and depression inter� minal cancer patients. The man sponsoring the study: a very sophisticated-sounding Harvard Kennedy School PhD named Rick Doblin- the hippie in the woods.

I got a phone number and Rick answered. When I told him my name, he laughed. He not only remembered me and the two stories from twenty and thirty years earlier, he still had copies of them both. And just that morning, he told me, he'd held up the "Tim Leary" cover of Tropic at a board meeting of the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), his nonprofit organization, to demon� strate how completely he'd remade his image, from a rebellious hippie to the sponsor of cutting-edge scientific research in some of the nation's more conservative institutions.

This time I wrote the story myself, focusing on the MAPS� sponsored research a psychiatrist named Michael Mithoefer was con� ducting in Charleston, South Carolina, treating with MDMA-assisted psychotherapy mostly female victims of sexual abuse. The story ap� peared in The Washington Post Magazine in November 2007, and much of it has been adapted here in chapter forty-two.

I was pleased enough with the piece as published, but I felt it barely scratched the surface, both because of rapidly accumulating develop� ments in psychedelic research and because I sensed that the signifi� cance of any given study could not be fully assessed without a deeper understanding of the people behind the studies, not to mention the century-long struggle of Western culture to come to grips with these powerful and, in some ways, profoundly threatening drugs.

This is what I have attempted in Acid Test. Whatever success I have had I owe entirely to the openness and honesty of the principal charac� ters. Those people listed in the acknowledgments have granted me access to scores of records and privileged documents and agreed to sit for what amounted to a combined total of more than a hundred hours of interviews, unflinchingly answering the most intimate and sensitive questions, revealing things that were personally painful and might very well expose them to negative judgments or significantly compli� cate their lives.

Their reasons for agreeing to all the above are transparent. They accepted my contention that the full and complete disclosure of all the information surrounding the use and abuse of psychedelic drugs, the history of psychedelic therapy, the motivations of the researchers, and the experiences of the subjects is the best argument for continued and extended support of rigorous and responsible investigation.

I owe a special debt to those among them who have undergone clinical trials to treat debilitating post-traumatic stress, a disorder that makes it particularly difficult and potentially painful to open up. In particular, I am indebted to Donna Kilgore, Tony Made, and, above all, Nicholas Blackston. They all spent hours reviewing their case his� tories with me, leaving nothing off the record, as well as giving me permission to listen to or watch voluminous audio- and videotapes of their therapeutic sessions. It is hard to imagine a more naked vulnera� bility than allowing an outsider to witness hours spent delving into your deepest, most charged and haunting intimacies explored under the powerful effect of MDMA. Yet, these people made that sacrifice willingly, for no other reason than a sense of duty. They felt the ther� apy benefited them and quite possibly saved their lives, and they believed sharing their stories might help make the therapy available to others.

I am moved and awed by their courage.

Most helpful customer reviews

16 of 17 people found the following review helpful.
Toning it down for the "normals"
By James A. Woolsey
I agree with the reviewer who said the personal stories go on too long. This may be wise for setting a good foundation for people new to the psychological benefits of psychedelic and mdma therapy; but for those of us who use these sacraments in our spiritual practice, this was little more than biography. Yes I enjoyed learning more of Doblin's background, or Mithoefler, but I read about these guys all the time in the entheogenic literature. Now i know that MAPS and those who conduct these important studies are necessary to gently widen the crack into the resistant mindset of the mainstream objectified materialist researchers. And I strongly suspect Doblin and these fellows speak of far wilder realities in private.

Still, I was hoping for a much broader survey, showing how these wonderful substances are opening hidden doors for many who have suffered long, or for spiritual seekers hoping for more than grape juice and bread wafer "communion" with the Divine. It made its point with detailed histories, and that serves a purpose for the academics. But .... **eff those guys! What a pity we have to prove to the "meatheads" that there is some value to these sacraments!

Many of us in the underground gnostic community use these substances, in combination, and with others. MAPS etc., timidly tiptoes around mixes like acid+mdma, (and I understand why), but here is where the action is, cross pollination between the visionary and the heart centered. Dynamite. There is a Zen book, some title like After the Ecstasy, the Laundry! True enuff! BUT.... how about, After the Ecstasy, and the psychological cleansing and Release, the Joy of knowing Self as Spiritual Being? THIS is the ferment that will change and uplift human evolution.

Sure these "medicines" have to be sold to the establishment as tools to "normalize" people, so they can "fit in" to society. But there is a secret and open joke: Society is neurotic with its fixation on physical gratification and self-indulgence, being "happy." The spiritual Path is that of the warrior, to learn to BE whether you are "happy" or not. To co-operate in the Great Process. We don't want to "fit into" a neurotic society, we want to shake it up, drive out the demons, promote the purification of the instincts, release the Love of the Good in each Heart, and to show peeps that they are so much more than this present suffering personality. And release their Divine Sparks of creativity for our collective betterment. To be in a Commonwealth where the Pursuit of Happiness is seen for what it really is: the release of spiritual Fire.

But as they say, be wise as serpents, and as gentle as doves. On with the studies...

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
"Acid Test" gets the story straight
By Geoff Gilpin
Here's my review of Tom Shroder's Acid Test, reprinted from my blog Reason and Magic at www.geoffgilpin.com.

Acid Test: LSD, Ecstasy, and the Power to Heal by Tom Shroder is the book that a lot of us in the psychedelic research community have been waiting for. To understand why, consider the following excerpt in which Shroder retells the famous story of Albert Hoffman’s discovery of LSD.

“First the drug had to be tested extensively on animals to determine any acutely toxic effects that Hofmann had merely been lucky to survive. Animal tests would eventually provide some curious results. Mice given LSD moved erratically and showed ‘alterations in licking behavior.’ Cats’ hair stood on end and they salivated, indications they were having hallucinations that were threatening or enticing. When researchers introduced mice into the cats’ cages, instead of attacking, the felines would ignore the rodents’ intrusion or sometimes even appear frightened by them. Dosed chimpanzees did not show any obvious signs of being affected, but the normal chimps around them tended to become extremely upset, which Hofmann attributed to the test animals’ failure to maintain social norms perceptible only to the chimps.”

Shroder enlivens this familiar story with intriguing details and remarkably clear prose. He turns a journalist’s critical eye on a notoriously fuzzy topic. There’s no metaphysical speculation in Acid Test, just moving stories of people whose lives were changed by nature’s most powerful and mysterious psychoactive chemicals.

Shroder focuses on three individuals:

Nicholas Blackston is a former US Marine who fought in Iraq. His horrific experiences in combat left him scarred by post-traumatic stress disorder.

Michael Mithoefer is a psychiatrist who discovered the transformative power of LSD as a college student. He conducts research studies using the psychedelic/stimulant MDMA (“Ecstasy”).

Rick Doblin is the founder of MAPS, the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies. He has been a leading advocate of psychedelic research for decades.

Shroder weaves the stories of these three lives together with the twisty legal and scientific history of psychedelics. He uncovers some fascinating and little-known pieces of the tale. For example:

“By the mid-1950s, researchers had experimented with LSD during therapy for various neuroses, depression, addiction, psychosomatic illness, and emotional and physical trauma. Scores of trials including hundreds of subjects were conducted, and most reported positive results. In 1954, psychiatrists at an English hospital set aside an entire ward for conducting LSD therapy with patients who had severe, chronic, treatment-resistant mental illness. They concluded that sixty-one out of ninety-four patients recovered or improved after six months. LSD appeared to be ‘of utmost value in psychotherapy,’ the lead investigators concluded…”

Shroder makes it clear that psychedelics were a well-established and promising tool for research and therapy in the 1950s and 60s. We can’t calculate the cost of the War on Drugs to human life or scientific progress. We can, however, be grateful that organizations like MAPS and the Heffter Research Institute kept the flame burning during dark times.

The stories of Shroder’s three protagonists come together near the end of the book when Nicholas Blackston enrolls in a MAPS-sponsored study on the use of MDMA for treating PTSD. Ecstasy helped Blackston escape from the prison of war trauma and discover new freedom. Today, he’s an eloquent advocate for psychedelic therapy and living proof of its success.

If you’re new to psychedelic studies, this book is an excellent starting point. Shroder, the editor of the Washington Post magazine, knows how to present a big and complicated story in human terms. He has a gift for wrapping hard issues in a compelling narrative. The one thing I would have done differently is to shift the balance of the book’s content to include more on psychedelics and less biographical detail. That’s a quibble, however.

I hope that Tom Shroder continues to cover psychedelic research. We need him.

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Not about freestyle tripping; it's about MDMA assisted psychological therapy
By Wyfy Issente
Written in a novelesque, biographical style, following the lives of three men; two of which are important in the foundations of MDMA therapy, and one who is an excellent example of MDMA's success in treating posttraumatic stress syndrome. Once you have gotten used to the format and writing style , then the book will take on a life of it's own. This book is a well thought out unusual presentation of the subject, making the case for the legalization and incorporation of M D M A into mainstream psychotherapy. So for those interested in the value of psychedelically assisted mental therapy, this book will show the value of it, and describe the ongoing governmentally sponsored double-blind and scientifically correct research studies. By the end of it, the book will have convinced the reader of the solid foundation that the future of psychotheraputally mediated MDMA will rest upon. Yes, the future of mental health therapy will be certain to use MDMA in many applications. Highly recommended to those with a mind.

S

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• Sales Rank: #1942056 in Books
• Published on: 2015-02-10
• Binding: Paperback

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Why has the female voice deepened over the last fifty years? Who talks more, men or women? How can a baby in the womb distinguish between different voices?
The human voice is the personal and social glue that binds us, and the most important sound in our lives. The moment we open our mouth we leak information about our biological, psychological and social status. Babies use it to establish emotional ties and acquire language, adults to decode mood and meaning in intimate and professional relationships. Far from being rendered redundant by modern technology, the human voice has enormous and enduring significance.

• Sales Rank: #892706 in eBooks
• Published on: 2011-11-07
• Released on: 2011-11-07
• Format: Kindle eBook

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0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Fine Book
By andrew Macdonald
The role of the human voice (as opposed to text and print) is neglected in analyses of human interaction. Huge emphasis is placed on the content of both text and spoken communications, but the medium of human sound is curiously neglected except for artistic performances. Karpf's wonderful compilation of examples and analyses goes far to remedy this failure to notice a basic human truth.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Still in the middle of this book
By Amazon Customer
I heard this author interviewed on NPR a very long time ago and wrote down the title on a slip of paper. Just found that paper recently and decided to buy it. I am about 1/3 of the way in and it is fascinating to read about our voice. Not a page turner but if you have any interest in the human body, you might enjoy this book. Not dry - well written for medical or lay readers.

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Essential Reading
By T. Chapman
What a wonderful book. It is the kind of subject matter that we take for granted. This thing, this powerful thing we all (most, rather) possess is a gift. I was very happy with this author and this book, and have used it to my advantage. The unpleasant boss and the nagging mother are much more tolerable now, it's amazing.

"The human voice is the most beautiful instrument of all, but it is the most difficult to play." Richard Strauss

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• Sales Rank: #5873949 in Books
• Published on: 2007
• Binding: Spiral-bound

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